Time Winter 1996 [antikvár]

TO OUR READERS riME N-o magazine has introduced itself to a hoped-for audience more dramatically. In June 1944, Time correspondents waded ashore—and one para-— chuted in-with the Allied forces that landed in Normandy on D-day to begin the liberation of Europe. But it was the invading army itself that served as the true spearhead: josding alongside the clothing and rations in countless packs were copies of Time's "pony" edition, the reduced-size-and thus paper-saving-version of the magazine distributed fi-ee to more than a million U.S. servicemen in all theaters of war. Two years later, most of those servicemen had returned home. Not so Time or its correspondents, who redeployed to cover the peace as Europeans began the monumental task of rebuilding a shattered continent. The magazine built with them. On July 1,1946, the first Atlantic Overseas edition of xime-now full size-was launched, with a portrait of "Cosmo-olast" Albert Einstein on the cover. It was a fitting choice for a new era that would know both the excitement and the promise of scientific discovery and the threat of nuclear holocaust. Looking back over the 50 years that separate that first copy of Time's Atlantic edition from the special commemorative issue you now hold, it is clear that Time and Europe were both poised in 1946 for a tumultuous, creative, exhilarating half-century. It began with a bang. Having warned in the March 5,1945, issue of a confrontation with Stalin's Russia even before Winston Churchill delivered his famous 1946 Iron Curtain speech at Fulton, Missouri, Time FiRSTATLANTicEDiTi0N:FiniNGCH0icEF0RANEWERA found itself with a ringside seat at the cold war as the Soviet Union blockaded Berlin, communism tightened its grip on Eastern Europe and the West responded with the creation of nato. When the wheel came full circle and the 1989 fall of the Berlin Wall signaled the end of the cold war, Time was still on the scene. And during the intervening years, we were on hand to chronicle the events that have made the second half of the 20th century as much of a roller-coaster ride as the first half. We took the measure of the Swinging Sixties, when Europe set the scene for style and music; the Soul-Searching Seventies, when limidess growth suddenly took on limits; and the Egregious Eighties, when stock markets bubbled and b -.irst and the mantra of the moment was materialism. We fiave covered the birth pangs—and growing pains—of the European Union, the unification of Germany, the emancipation of Eastern Europe and the breakup of the Soviet Union. Because history doesn't present itself neatly packaged by the decade, we have organized these pages around major stages in the development of the biggest news story of all, the birth and growth of the idea of European unity. As an accompaniment, we have drawn heavily from Time's pages, condensing a medley of our coverage from the past. You mil also find People items from the period. Some of the leading figures of European politics and culture have offered us reminiscences about the past half-century, and we have a few provocative things to say about the next 50 years too. With news- and photo-gathering resources few other pubhcations can match, our correspondents, editors and photographers have captured for Time's readers the remarkable pageant of modem Europe. The overview was written by our award-winning essayist Lance Morrow, and the introductions to each section are the work of distinguished Time journalists Fred Pain-ton (one of those U.S. servicemen who landed in Europe with a pony edition in his kit bag), Jim Jackson, Bruce Nelan and John Elson. Together they have spent more than 90 years writing about or covering European affairs. Dozens of other Time people worked on this issue, and you may recognize a few names: senior international editor George Russell led the project, with the assistance of Jesse Bimbaum. Senior writer Rod Usher and reporter Kate Noble in London coordinated an effort by 10 correspondents to track down and interview our noted participants. Researchers Louisa Ermelino, Adrianne Navon, Jane Furth and Wendy Steavenson culled stories from more than 2,600 issues of Time and ensured our accuracy. Paula Gillen assembled and edited more than 10,000 images from the Time Inc. Picture Collection and from agencies across the U.S. and Europe. We also sent photographer Katharina Bosse to the site of a memorable 1946 photo of Dresden and reshot the scene as it is today. The design of this issue was the creation of Walter Bernard and Milton Glaser, whose studio is the most influential in the U.S. Bernard's associate, Jessica Simmons, assisted with the design, a leitmotiv of which is the use of images from Time covers over the past half-century. Many of these images are now in the possession of the National Portrait Gallery in Washington. Our aim in creating this issue was to do for the past half-century what an issue of Time does week by week: tell you about the important events and the interesting people in Europe and the wider world and do it with vivid writing, photos and illustrations. We've also tried to capture some of the energy, excitement and sheer fun that characterized Europe-and Time—throughout this extraordinary era. Time was founded on the premise that the world is inherently fascinating and that a deft journalistic touch can make even the most difficult of situations accessible TIME, WINTER 1996